The quadrupedal walking gait of the olive baboon, <i>Papio anubis</i>: an exploratory study integrating kinematics and EMG

ABSTRACT Primates exhibit unusual quadrupedal features (e.g. diagonal gaits, compliant walk) compared with other mammals. Their origin and diversification in arboreal habitats have certainly shaped the mechanics of their walking pattern to meet functional requirements necessary for balance control unstable discontinuous environments. In turn, mechanical stability probably conflict energy exchange. order investigate these aspects, we conducted an integrative study on olive baboon (Papio anubis) at Primatology station CNRS France. Based kinematics, describe centre mass normal gait performed ground, as well different substrate contexts. addition, studied muscular activity six hindlimb muscles using non-invasive surface probes. Our results show that baboons can rely inverted pendulum-like exchange (57% average, a maximal observed value 84%) when slowly (&amp;lt;0.9 m s−1) tight limb phase (∼55%) ground sequence gaits. this context, is similar mammals, thus reflecting primary functions movement support. contrast, suspended branch generates kinematic adjustments ensure better maintain stability. Finally, lateral increases effort reduces potential high recovery rates. The present exploratory supports assumption primates are able make use pendulum mechanism gait, yet footfall appear influence efficiency.